Effect of Various Sugars on Hepatic Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase, Malic Enzyme and Total Liver Lipid of the Rat

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Abstract
The responses of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD, EC 1.1.1.49), malic enzyme (ME, EC 1.1.1.40) and total liver lipid to ad libitum feeding or to starvation-refeeding of different levels of glucose, fructose, sucrose, galactose or lactose were studied in male Wistar rats. Ad libitum feeding of 50% fructose or sucrose diets increased enzyme activities and total liver lipid compared to rats fed glucose, whereas feeding galactose or lactose diets markedly reduced enzyme activities. In the starvation-refeeding regimen the capacity of the diet to cause an overshoot in enzyme activities and total liver lipid was tested in relation to the type and content of carbohydrate in the diet. It was found that enzyme overshoot could be induced with less carbohydrate in the case of G6PD than with ME. The effect of sucrose on enzyme activities and total liver lipid was found to be greater than the effect of either glucose or fructose. Neither galactose nor lactose caused overshoots of enzyme activities or total liver lipid. The response in total liver lipid appeared to be correlated more with ME than with G6PD activity.