Exercise training, sex hormones, and lipoprotein relationships in men

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Abstract
Exercise training usually increases levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) in men, but not in women, suggesting a sex-related differential response to exercise. It was determined whether, and to what degree, changes in HDLC could be mediated by changes in endogenous testosterone and estrogen occurring during exercise training in men. Twelve men, ages 18-32 yr, participated in a 10-wk, 3 times/wk bicycle ergometer training program. Sessions were 30 min at an average of 70% maximium heart rate reserve. Maximae O2 uptake (.ovrhdot.VO2 max) significantly increased after the training program, and resting heart rate decreased. Despite the training effect, there was no significant increase in HDLC and no decrease in fasting plasma triglycerides; however, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol fell. Testosterone levels fell and estrogens rose after the 10-wk training program. Testosterone, total testosterone (including dihydrotestosterone), and estrone were positively correlated with HDLC after the training program; changfes in these hormones were correlated with changes in HDLC. .ovrhdot.VO2 max was positively correlated with testosterone, and percent body fat was inversely correlated with both HDLC and testosterone. Changes in endogenous testosterone and estrogens may mediate the increases in HDLC reported after exercise training programs in men.

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