Relationship Between Noninvasively Measured Endothelial Function and Peripheral Arterial Disease

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Abstract
Objectives: To determine the relationship between endothelial function by means of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD) and the clinical severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods and Results: We examined the brachial artery diameter by ultrasound, before and after ischemia of the arm in 3 groups of participants— group A: healthy individuals under 30 years, without cardiovascular risk factors (n = 30); group B: patients with PAD and ischemic claudication (n = 30); and group C: patients with critical leg ischemia (n = 20). There were no differences between groups B and C, in regard to age, sex, and main cardiovascular risk factor. The BAFMD was 9.9% in group A compared with 5.5% in the pooled patients group (B + C; P < .001). Significant differences were absent between groups B and C (P > .05). Correlation coefficient of ankle-brachial index/BAFMD was r = .1; P = .49. Conclusions: Patients with PAD present endothelial dysfunction, but this does not seem to determine the severity of the disease.