The Applicability of Simple Blood and Bone Marrow Variables in Prediction of Acute Leukaemia in Patients with Acquired Bi- or Pancytopenia

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Abstract
A retrospective study of 44 patients presenting with acquired bicytopenia or pancytopenia (B/PC) and no evidence of any causal disorder was carried out. Twelve patients developed acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia after 2-51 mo. Compared to the nonleukemic subjects the preleukemic patients at the onset of B/PC had significantly higher counts of myeloblasts and other myelopoietic cells in the bone marrow, more cellular marrows due to more dense cellularities of all compartments, higher blood granulocyte and monocyte counts, more pronounced anisocytosis and in some cases a small number of circulating myeloblasts. A stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis identified 3 combinations of variables displaying significant simultaneous association with subsequent leukemic transformation. Among these the combination of marrow myeloblast percentage and blood granulocyte count might be applicable to early prospective identification of patients with preleukemic B/PC.

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