Lutein associated with a transthyretin indicates carotenoid derivation and novel multiplicity of transthyretin ligands

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Abstract
Transthyretins isolated from different species bind hydrophobic compounds and are often obtained in a yellow form. Such a transthyretin from chicken serum was purified by chromatography using Sepharose-coupled human retinol-binding protein. The yellow chromophore was extracted with methanol and purified by reverse phase HPLC followed by normal-phase chromatography on a nitrile column. Ultraviolet-visible absorbance and mass spectrometry identified the yellow compound as lutein, i.e. xanthophyll, (all-trans)-β,ϵ-carotene-3,3′-diol, estimated to constitute 10–30% of associated colourless compounds. These components are different from the yellow component isolated from human transthyretin and establish that carotenoid-derived pigments can be associated with transthyretins.