Expression of S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neuron-specific enolase, and keratin in mixed tumors of skin.

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Abstract
Mixed tumors of sweat gland in the skin were stained by the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method using antibodies to S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and keratin proteins, in order to evaluate possible histogenesis of the tumors. Secretory coiled cells in normal eccrine glands were moderately positive for S-100 protein, markedly positive for NSE, and negative for GFAP, and they displayed variably intense staining with anti-keratin antibodies. In mixed tumors of the skin, the round, oval or polygonal cells located in the outer zone of tubular or duct-like structures, were usually strongly positive for S-100 protein, gave reactions of varied intensity for NSE, and were generally negative or very weakly positive for GFAP. Spindle-shaped cells were negative or very slightly positive for S-100 protein and strongly positive for NSE; but the reaction for GFAP varied. Tumor cells located on the luminal side of tubular or duct-like structures were uniformly positive for KLl (molecular weight 55-57 Kdaltons keratin) and PKKl (molecular weight 41-56 Kdaltons keratin). From the present study, it is suggested that mixed tumors of the skin may be differentiated from either transitional portion or myoepithelial cells of the eccrine glands.