Analysis of the Transition From Upright Stance to Steady State Locomotion in Children With Under 200 Days of Autonomous Walking

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Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study, from a developmental perspective, the transient phase of gait during the period between the standing posture and the achievement of steady state gait, using temporal and biomechanical parameters. Eight children who had been walking autonomously for 90 to 200 days were observed. A total of 64 sequences of steps were analyzed. A sequence of steps began with the child standing still and was executed on a large force plate. From the determination of the instantaneous velocity of center of gravity results establish that, unlike adults, progression velocity in children is not reached at the end of the first step, but after two to four steps. The gait initiation process does not depend on the steady state velocity, but results from an initial fall. The duration of the movement up to the end of the first step is independent of the progression velocity but depends only upon the body mass and moment of inertia of the children.