Adsorption of benzene on acidified alumina

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Abstract
U.v.–visible reflectance spectroscopy of adsorbed benzene has been used to study the surface modification of alumina containing platinum and chloride. On unchlorinated alumina there are a few sites strongly adsorbing benzene. After chlorination by CCl4, the Lewis acidity of alumina becomes so strong that some adsorbed benzene molecules are ionized and cracked: further condensation occurs leading to coke precursors. Chlorination of platinumcontaining alumina leads to a support whose ionizing power depends upon the metal loading: a platinum–aluminum–chloride complex is formed by CCl4 interaction with support and metal. This complex is adsorbed on the strongest Lewis acidic centre, preventing benzene ionization. Addition of HCl to a chlorided platinum alumina leads to a superacid solid-state catalyst. This support reacts immediately with adsorbed C6H6, giving the benzenium C6H+ 7 cation that slowly transforms into the bulky arenium cation.

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