Spacecraft displacement damage dose calculations for shielded CCDs

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Abstract
The particle environment within a satellite includes primary and secondary protons and secondary neutrons produced in spacecraft materials which we evaluate using the transport code BRYNTRN. The damaging effects of this mixed particle environment is evaluated for the example of solid state imaging arrays by introducing the concept of displacement damage dose. Having the same relationship as electronic stopping power (LET) and radiation absorbed dose (rad) the nonionizing energy loss rate NIEL) of protons and neutrons are combined in terms of nonionizing radiation absorbed dose (nirad). This quantity is evaluated as a function of Ta and Al shield thickness for both trapped and flare proton environments. Al is shown to be a superior shield material per unit mass partially due to the damaging effects of neutrons which are produced in greater abundance in Ta. This method for combining the damaging effects from all particles using displacement damage dose enables informed shielding decisions and improved prediction of device performance in space. 1.

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