Delocalized quantum nature of hydrogen adsorbed on the Rh(111) crystal surface

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Abstract
We observe, by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), excitations between the ground-state band and all low-lying energy bands for the motion of hydrogen and deuterium atoms on the Rh(111) surface. The absence of a deuterium isotope shift for the lowest-energy excitation, the observation of broad energy bands, and good agreement with theoretical calculations for hydrogen on Ni(111) provide strong experimental evidence for delocalized quantum behavior of hydrogen atoms on the Rh(111) surface. We also observe a remarkable energy dependence of the intensity and linewidths of the EELS excitations.