Antimutagenic Activity of Flavonoids from Pogostemon cablin

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Abstract
A methanol extract from Pogostemon cablin showed a suppressive effect on umu gene expression of SOS response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 against the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide). The methanol extract was re-extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, butanol, and water. A dichloromethane fraction showed a suppressive effect. Suppressive compounds against furylfuramide in the dichloromethane fraction were isolated by SiO2 column chromatography and identified as 7,4‘-di-O-methyleriodictyol (1), 7,3‘,4‘-tri-O-methyleriodictyol (2), and 3,7,4‘-tri-O-methylkaempferol (3). In addition, three flavonoids, ombuine (4), pachypodol (5), and kumatakenin (6), were isolated and identified from the dichrolomethane fraction. Compounds 1 and 3 suppressed >50% of the SOS-inducing activity at 50 values of both compounds were 0.25 μmol/mL. Compound 2 showed a weakly suppressive effect (17%) at a concentration of 0.6 μmol/mL, and compounds 4−6 did not. These compounds were also assayed with 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which requires liver metabolizing enzymes. Compounds 3−6 suppressed >80% of the SOS-inducing activity of Trp-P-1 at S. typhimurium TA100. Keywords: Pogostemon cablin; Labiatae; flavonoid; SOS response; umu test; antimutagenic activity; Ames test

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