The role of the suprapharyngeal ganglion in spontaneous alteration and negative movements in Lumbricus terrestris L.

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Abstract
A total of 29 earthworms were tested for spontaneous alternation in a T maze under a variety of experimental conditions. The main findings were: (a) The degree of spontaneous alternation was related to constant discriminable brightness cues at the choice point, and with the number of negative movements, such as withdrawal, made before the choice point. (b) Removal of the suprapharyngeal ganglion, which is involved in the mediation of negative light reactions, reduced both the number of negative movements made before the choice point and the number of alternations. (c) As the number of negative movements increased, the number of alternations increased, and the correlation between them was .85 and significant.

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