Empirical Near-Source Attenuation Relationships for Horizontal and Vertical Components of Peak Ground Acceleration, Peak Ground Velocity, and Pseudo-Absolute Acceleration Response Spectra

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Abstract
A consistent set of empirical attenuation relationships is presented for predicting free-field horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), and 5% damped pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra (PSA). The relationships were derived from attenuation relationships previously developed by the author from 1990 through 1994. The relationships were combined in such a way as to emphasize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of each. The new attenuation relationships are considered to be appropriate for predicting free-field amplitudes of horizontal and vertical components of strong ground motion from worldwide earthquakes of moment magnitude ( MW ) ≥ 5 and sites with distances to seismogenic rupture ( RSEIS ) ≤ 60 km in active tectonic regions.