Microcomputer-controlled acoustic rangefinding technique

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Abstract
A rangefinding technique has been developed, which is based on the phase change of the received signal with respect to the transmitted signal. The phase shift is caused by the finite transit time taken for the wave to travel from the transmitter to the receiver. The displacement is calculated by measuring the phase shift at three different frequencies. The signal with the longest wavelength enables a large displacement to be approximately measured, and the shortest wavelength provides the required high resolution and accuracy. The final value of the displacement is calculated from the phase information of the three signals. The signals are transmitted by amplitude modulation so that only a single ultrasonic transducer is required to transmit all three frequencies. The rangefinder is intended for applications where low cost and high accuracy are essential.

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