Invited. Interactive MRI‐guided radiofrequency interstitial thermal ablation of abdominal tumors: Clinical trial for evaluation of safety and feasibility

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Abstract
This clinical trial was performed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of interactive MR‐guided radiofrequency (RF) interstitial thermal ablation (ITA) performed entirely within the MR imager. RF‐ITA was performed on 11 intra‐abdominal metastatic tumors during 13 sessions. The RF electrode was placed under MR guidance on a .2‐T system using rapid fast imaging with steady state precession (FISP) and true FISP images. A custom 17‐gauge electrode was used and was modified in four sessions to allow circulation of iced saline for cooling during ablation. Tissue necrosis monitoring and electrode repositioning were based on rapid T2‐weighted and short‐inversion‐time inversion recovery (STIR) sequences. Morbidity and toxicity were assessed by clinical and imaging criteria. The region of tissue destruction was visible in all 11 tumors treated, as confirmed on subsequent contrast‐enhanced images. No significant morbidity was noted, and patient discomfort was minimal. In conclusion, interactive MR‐guided RF‐ITA is feasible on a clinical .2‐T C‐arm system with supplemental interventional accessories with only minor patient morbidity. The ability to completely ablate tumors with RF‐ITA depends on tumor size and vascularity.