Protein synthesis during compensatory renal hypertrophy

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Abstract
Protein synthesis was studied in rat kidneys undergoing compensatory hypertrophy after contralateral nephrectomy by measuring both net increases in renal protein and incorporation of leucine-3H into the proteins of kidney slices incubated in vitro. Protein synthesis exhibits a biphasic pattern of stimulation. The first phase is brief and occurs during the 1st day. The second begins between 24 and 48 hr. and declines slowly after 72 hr. Comparison of the amounts of new protein added by 72 hr. with the number of cells known to divide by that time indicates that the majority of new protein synthesis reflects cell hypertrophy rather than hyperplasia.