Chemical transformation of tylosin,a 16-membered macrolide,and its structure-activity relationship.

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Abstract
Tylosin is a 16-membered macrolide antibiotic used as veterinary antimicrobial [antibacterial] agent. The structure of a novel condensation product obtained by acidic hydrolysis and alkaline treatment of tylosin, and the isolation of the aglycone part, tylonolide 5,20-hemiacetal, by application of a modified Polonovski reaction to tylosin are described. Syntheses of the intermediates of tylosin biosynthesis [by Streptomyces fradiae] and of related compounds, and the relationship between the structure and antimicrobial activity also are described.