Stillbirth rates, perinatal death rates, early and late neonatal death rates and (post-neonatal) infant death rates are reported for Wales since local government and NHS reorganization in 1974. The time trends in these rates show declining mortality, in full weight and in low birthweight babies. Analysis of average rates for the period 1974–81 inclusive in the 37 local authority districts within Wales demonstrate wide variations, with PMRs ranging from 11.5 to 22.5 per 1000. Many highly statistically significant associations were evident between socloeconomic characteristics of the districts and stillbirth rates but few with neonatal death rates and none with Infant death rates.