Studies on immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Analysis of continuous rapid ethanol fermentation in immobilized cell reactor

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Abstract
Rapid fermentation of cane molasses into ethanol has been studied in batch, continuous (free-cell and cell-immobilized systems) by a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at temperature 30°C and pH 5.0. The maximum productivity of ethanol obtained in immobilized system was 28.6 g L−1 h−1. The cells were immobilized by natural mode on a carrier of natural origin and retention of 0.132 g cells/g carrier was achieved. The immobilized-cell column was operated continuously at steady state over a period of 35 days. Based on the parameter data monitored from the system, mathematical analysis has been made and rate equations proposed, and the values of specific productivity of ethanol and specific growth rate for immobilized cells computed. It has been established that immobilized cells exhibit higher specific rate of ethanol formation compared to free cells but the specific growth rate appears to be comparatively low. The yield of ethanol in the immobilized-cell system is also higher than in the free-cell system.