Metabolic effects oftransfatty acids on an experimental dietary model

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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential nutritional and metabolic impact oftrans(t) fatty acids (FA) on an appropriate experimental dietary model. Since previously reported experimental designs have been matter of concern, we developed a dietary model to compare the effect oftisomers and/or the saturation of FA independently of other variables. Wistar rats were fed diets containing identical amounts of nutrients and high levels of dietary fats (200 g/kg) for 30 d. Dietary fat rich int-FA was compared with fat rich in saturated (s) FA or rich incis(c) FA, maintaining the same length of C chain of the FA. The fats were obtained through isomerization or hydrogenation of thec-FA present in the control fat. Apparent fat absorption, energy efficiency and triacylglycerol levels in serum and liver were different in rats fedt-FA or s-FA thanc-FA. The apparent fat absorption was (%): s-FA 85·7 (SD 3·4)<T-FA 93·1 (sd 0·4)<c-FA 96·7 (sd 1·1) (Pt-FA (11·7 %) and s-FA (18·5 %) diets, reaching statistical significance only between s-FA andc-FA. A striking finding was the change in the lipid profile in serum and liver. Serum and hepatic triacylglycerol levels were greater fort-FA and s-FA diets than inc-FA; however, the increases on serum triacylglycerol concentrations were greater with the s-FA diet and the increases on hepatic triacylglycerol content were greater witht-FA. Knowledge of thet-FA effects on this kind of experimental dietary model could contribute to determine the potential risk oft-FA intake for man.

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