Effect of Calcium on Sodium Salinization of Beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL.)

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Abstract
The efficiency of calcium in enhancing the tolerance of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to sodium salinization was studied in pot experiments in both cool and hot seasons. In the cool season increased yields of dry matter, roots, nodules and pods were positively correlated with increased Ca application and negatively correlated with the Na contents of irrigation water and plant tissue. The Na levels both in roots and tops declined significantly as increased amounts of calcium were added. Ca in the range of 2.0 to 8.0 mmol/1 caused competitive inhibition of Na uptake and Na translocation. At Ca levels between 0 to 2.0 mM only Na translocation to tops was markedly inhibited. In warm seasons Ca had no beneficial effects on bean yields at any level of Na. On the contrary, high rates of Ca application resulted in a higher death rate.

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