Abstract
Successful treatment is available for many neoplasms, but patients with cancer often die despite therapy because of a disseminated tumor that was not detected at the time of diagnosis. Surgery alone is sometimes enough to cure a patient with a solid tumor, but many patients who relapse might have been cured if they had been given additional treatment, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The selection of patients who would benefit most from adjuvant therapy is crucial because of the side effects of the additional treatment.Colorectal cancer is perhaps the best example of a neoplasm in which stage and prognosis . . .