Die Entwicklungsbewegungen der menschlichen Retina zur Zeit der Irisentstehung

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Abstract
The developmental movements of the human retina were studied in 10 to 160 mm embryonic stage under microscope and under electron microscope. They showed that the concentric stratification of the retina results from developmental movements which are part of a uniform flattening of the embryonal portion of pars optica. This flattening of pars optical leads to formation of retinal ganglia and of optic nerve fibres on the retinal concavity. In conformity with the rise of cytoarchitecture in the neighboring parts of the neural tube which are comparable with the retina by their kinetic development, it can be observed that the ependyma, the glia and the neurons differentiate from each other not only spatially but also in time. The ependyma forms first, followed by neuroglia, and as the last proper nerve substance, the system of neurons forms. The normal neurons form regularly in a ''metabolic field'' previously prepared by the ependyma and the neuroglia. The observations urge studies not only of the chemical but also the kinetic developments of the brain.