Abstract
In Arthrobotrys flagrans the chlamydospores were formed, following rupture of the primary hyphal wall, by expansion of the inner wall which then produced warty encrustations over its surface. In A. anchonia apparently none of the water necessary for expansion of the constricting ring cells came through the stalk cells. Expansion of constricting rings in Dactylaria brochopaga often appeared biphasic with little or no constriction of the host cuticle taking place during the 1st phase of expansion. Microconidia were found in 3 spp. of predatory fungi with constricting rings. In the presence of nematodes, microconidia germinated directly to produce small, functional, constricting rings.

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