Abstract
The growing collection of archaeological data on water exploitation and agriculture in Arabia not only contributes to a wider knowledge of ancient Near Eastern hydrology and land use but sheds new light on Arabian art and architecture. Some features of water supply and irrigation works in Oman are discussed with a particular interest in their architectural values and their implications with regard to settlement patterns. Run‐off farming is examined in relation to the economy of settled and semi‐nomad communities. The architecture of an Omani garden is also presented, with a case study of Masjid al‐Luqta, near Muscat.

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