A Comparison of FPS-16 and GMD-1 Measurements and Methods for Processing Wind Data

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Abstract
A machine method for computing winds from radiosonde and GMD-1 rawin tracking data is developed and the resulting winds are compared to those computed from precision FPS-16 radar tracking data. A direct comparison is possible because the measurements were made simultaneously by tracking the same effective target, which for the FPS-16 was metallic chaff in the balloon that carried the radiosonde transmitter. With GMD measurements 10 times min−1 instead of the usual 1 min−1 and when elevation angles are >10°, the computed winds and ascent rates reproduced both the macroscale and mesoscale features derived from the FPS-16 data. The mesoscale features which have vertical wavelengths from 1.5–3 km include oscillations in wind direction and speed. When the elevation angles are −1 and rotate through 2π rad in 0.5–3 km.

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