Induction of Chromosome Aberrations in G 0 Human Lymphocytes by Low Doses of Ionizing Radiations of Different Quality

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Abstract
Human peripheral blood lymphocytes from two donors were exposed to low doses (0.05 to 2.0 Gy) of γ rays, X rays, or fast neutrons of different energies. Chromosome aberrations were analyzed in metaphase of first-division cells after a culture time of 45-46 hr. At this time, less than 5% of the cells were found in second division. Different dose-response relationships were fitted to the data by using a maximum likelihood method; best fits for radiation-induced dicentric aberrations were obtained with the linear-quadratic law for all radiations. The linear component of this equation predominated, however, for neutrons in the range of doses studied, and the frequency of dicentrics induced by d(16)+Be neutrons up to 1.0 Gy could also be described by a linear relationship. The relative biological efficiency (RBE) of X rays and d(16)+Be, d(33)+Be, and d(50)+Be neutrons compared to 60 Co γ rays in the low dose range was calculated from the dose-effect relationships for the dicentrics produced. The RBE increased with decreasing neutron dose and with decreasing neutron energy from d(50)+Be to d(16)+Be neutrons. The limiting RBE at low doses (RBEo) was calculated to be about 1.5 for X rays and 14.0, 6.2, and 4.7 for the d(16)+Be, d(33)+Be, and d(50)+Be neutrons, respectively.