Effect of Topical Application of Alginate Containing Fluoride or Fluoride and Chlorhexidine on Dental Caries in Rats

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Abstract
An experimental powder formula (EF) based on alginate was tested as a vehicle for topical application of fluoride (F) or a combination of F and chlorhexidine (CH) in rats. The active ingredient incorporated in the EF powders was 1% F (as NaF), or 1% F (as NaF) and 3% CH in diacetate form. A powder formula containing no active ingredients served as a placebo. The powder was mixed with water and the resulting mass was topically applied for 5 min to 1 quadrant of the rat''s teeth. The contralateral side served as a control. This treatment was carried out twice a week for 8 wk. In spite of an intense cariogenic challenge the application of active EF induced a significant reduction in caries scores on enamel and dentine of the treated teeth. Coadministration of F and CH exerted an additional cariostatic effect especially in fissure sites. However, this additive effect was insignificant when compared with the results obtained from the application of F alone. Response to F or F and CH treatment was most marked in the reduction of caries at the buccolingual sites. Advantages of using alginate as a vehicle for caries-preventive agents are discussed.

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