HLA gene and haplotype frequencies in Dutch blood donors

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Abstract
We analyzed the HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DR and ‐DQ phenotypes of 2,440 healthy, unrelated, Dutch Caucasoid blood donors and of 20, 814 Dutch blood donors who were registered as volunteer bone marrow or platelet donors. Phenotype and gene frequencies, Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium fit and homozygosity were calculated as well as 2‐ and 3‐locus haplotype frequencies, deltas, relative deltas and significance levels of the deltas. The population appears to be in Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. Many haplotypes are in strong positive linkage disequilibrium. A phylogenetic tree, based on the HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐DR gene frequencies of blood donors in different Dutch regions, reflects the limited but manifest heterogeneity of the Dutch population. Additionally we introduce a stepwise test for Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium and discuss the applicability of this test and of the single test for Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium for tissue typing quality control and for selection of split antigens prior to gene and haplotype frequency analyses.