Velocity Distribution and Suspended Sediment Concentration Over Large Scale Ripples

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Abstract
Large-scale sand ripples are generated using an oscillatory-flow water tunnel and velocity distribution and suspended sediment concentration are measured by use of laser Doppler anemometer and a turbidity meter, respectively. Generation of vortices on the surface of the sand ripples is also observed. Distributions of velocity, turbulent intensity, mean suspended sediment concentration and diffusion coefficient show a tendency of attaining constant values away from the bed, indicating characteristics of large-scale sand ripples. A calculation formula for concentration at the reference datum is derived by equating the potential energy of sand particles in vortex layer to the kinetic energy of vortices in the vortex layer. The obtained formula gives better agreement with the experimental data than the previous study.

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