The Influence of Leukocyte and Thrombocyte Incompatibility on Non-Haemolytic Transfusion Reactions

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Abstract
Investigation of sera from 274 patients with febrile transfusion reactions demonstrated leukocyte agglutinating antibodies in 48.9%. lymphocytotoxic antibodies in 54.0%, thrombocyte agglutinating antibodies in 19.3% and thrombocyte complement-fixing antibodies in 23.0%. Matching of the sera from 39 of these patients with leukocytes and platelets of the donors whose blood had actually caused the reactions, demonstrated incompatibility to either leukocytes or thrombocytes in all cases. By examination of sera from 84 patients with urticarial transfusion reactions, leukocyte agglutinating antibodies were found in 25.0%, lymphocytotoxic antibodies in 27.4%, thrombocyte agglutinating antibodies in 16.7% and thrombocyte complement-fixing antibodies in 9.5%. Based upon statistical calculations it was concluded, however, that white cell and/or platelet antibodies most unlikely are causally related to urticarial transfusion reactions. Since 93 (53%) of 174 patients with reports of earlier transfusion reactions were found to develop new transfusion reactions following further transfusion of whole blood, it was concluded, that the administration of leukocyte poor blood is well indicated at least in all cases of febrile transfusion reactions in which white cell antibodies can be demonstrated.

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