The Signature of Solar Activity in the Infrared Spectral Irradiance

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Abstract
The effects of solar activity on the spectral irradiance have been studied using atmospheric semiempirical models developed from observations of the various surface features observed on the Sun. From these models, it has been the long-standing belief that the contributions of active regions to solar irradiance at wavelengths in the range of 1.2-3 μm is negative; that is, their net effect reduces the overall solar irradiance at these wavelengths by a small amount. For verifying the validity of the current modeling, we use the observed plage areas to compute the solar irradiance variations at two bands (centered at 0.516 and 1.553 μm wavelength). We compare in detail the predictions of the models by Fontenla et al. with measurements of the solar spectral irradiance variations obtained by the Spectral Irradiance Monitor instrument aboard the Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment spacecraft. The data comparison extends over a 6 month period in 2003 that covers several solar rotations. The comparison indicates that the variations in the short wavelength display good agreement between models and observations but also that the current models of IR spectral irradiance are inaccurate at the long wavelength. This disagreement in the IR may be due to the fact that, contrary to the current model assumptions, the presence of active regions on the disk increases the spectral irradiance at all wavelengths, even near 1.6 μm. Consequently, the modeling of solar spectral irradiance at wavelengths in the range around 1.6 μm has to be revised to match the new observations.