Maintained function of primary human hepatocytes by cellular interactions in coculture: implications for liver support systems

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Abstract
The application of primary hepatocytes in hybrid artificial liver systems has been hampered by the gradual loss of differentiated morphology and function in vitro. Therefore, we have established a coculture model of autologous human hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells (BEC) in collagen gel in the presence of hepatotrophic growth factors. Furthermore, we examined the effect of hepatocyte cell perfusion in a woven multicompartment capillary membrane system. Normal hepatocytes isolated from human liver produced albumin for more than 2 weeks in serum‐free media, and were further stimulated by conditioned medium. When cocultured with BEC, albumin secretion was greatly enhanced, suggesting that cellular interactions promote tissue‐specific differentiation. When perfused in bioreactors, albumin levels were maintained at steady state for longer than 2 weeks. These data indicate that differentiation of primary hum hepatocytes can be maintained by coculture interactions and three‐dimensional hybrid organ devices, providing appropriate growth factors and matrix for tissue regeneration.