Ultrahigh-sensitivity strain sensing using fiber cavity etalons

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Abstract
Ultrahigh sensitivity strain sensors are required for precision applications where length changes on the order of nanometers must be detected. Using a single mode fiber as a cavity etalon, a new, ultrahigh sensitivity optical fiber sensor has been developed. The sensor is fabricated by gold- coating the cleaved ends of approximately 1 m long single mode fiber to form a moderate finesse (F approximately equals 50) fiber cavity etalon. The sensor has demonstrated static strain sensitivity of approximately 1 n(epsilon) and low frequency noise performance of approximately 4 p(epsilon) /(root)Hz at 10 Hz. The results of quasi-static stepped strain (< 50 n(epsilon) ) and free vibration dynamic strain measurements of these sensors bonded to low expansion struts will be reported.

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