Evaluation of efficacy of preventive measures under hypokinesia

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Abstract
It has been demonstrated that hypokinesia (diminished muscular activity) induces changes in organs and systems of organism, including the neuromuscular system. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of physical exercise (PE) and combination thereof with other preventive measures under 100 days of hypokinesia (HK) on 24 healthy men aged 19-23 years. They were divided into four groups. The 1st group of men was subjected to PE, the 2nd and 3rd groups were submitted to combined PE with other preventive measures and the 4th group was kept under pure HK, that is, without the use of any agents, and served as control. To simulate the hypokinetic effect, all men were kept under a rigorous bed-rest regime. Excitability and lability of the neuromuscular system (NMS) were examined by electrostimulation (ES). The excitation threshold was determined during the pre-experimental period (BGP) and under HK. Excitability and lability of the NMS in all groups of men demonstrated marked differences between them. In the control group, excitability and lability diminished significantly on the 8th day of HK. In the other three groups the changes were unreliable, with the exception of the reduction in maximum rythm of excitation which was manifested on the 8th day of HK. Among preventive measures used, PE was the most effective one. It was concluded that PE may be singled out as the most reliable measure in counteracting neuromuscular system disorders under diminished muscular activity conditions.

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