Assessment of ampulla (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy with coronary angiography, two-dimensional echocardiography and99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial single photon emission computed tomography

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Abstract
We studied the causative mechanism of ampulla (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy.Methods: We examined 7 patients with ampulla cardiomyopathy by means of coronary angiography, two-dimensional echocardiography and99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial SPECT at the time of emergency admission (acute phase), at 3 to 5 days after the attack (subacute phase) and at 1 month after the attack (chronic phase). The left ventricle was divided into 9 regions on two-dimensional echocardiograms and99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial SPECT images, then the degree of abnormalities in each region was scored in four grades from normal (0) to severely abnormal (3). We injected nicorandil into the coronary arteries and determined the elevation in the ST segment before and after administration.Results: Coronary angiography did not show stenotic lesions in any patient. The acute, subacute and chronic phase myocardial perfusion scores on99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial SPECT were 11.2±3.4, 2.7±2.3 and 0.4±0.5, respectively, and wall motion scores on echocardiograms were 13.0±3.6, 4.4±2.2 and 0.6±0.6, respectively, indicating improvement in all scores during the subacute phase (pConclusion: These findings indicated that coronary microvascular spasm in one causative mechanism of ampulla cardiomyopathy.