Improvement in neutrophil and monocyte function during highly active antiretroviral treatment of HIV-1-infected patients

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Abstract
To investigate the effect of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on neutrophil and monocyte function in patients with moderately advanced HIV-1 infection. Eighteen HIV-1-infected patients with CD4 T cell counts below 350/ml, no concomitant active infection, and no previous use of protease inhibitors were treated with indinavir or ritonavir and two reverse-transcriptase inhibitors and were followed up for 9 months. Ten age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were included as controls. The functional activity of neutrophils and monocytes was measured by assessing chemotaxis towards a bacterial peptide, killing activity against Candida albicans, and oxidative burst as measured by chemiluminescence production. Neutrophils and monocytes from the treatment group exhibited a significantly diminished baseline chemotactic and fungicidal activity compared with healthy controls (PP The functional improvement of two critical components of innate antimicrobial immunity, such as neutrophils and monocytes, may contribute to the improved cell-mediated immune responses against opportunistic infections in HAART-treated patients.

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