WOODY ORNAMENTAL PLANT ZONATION: I. INDICES OF WINTERHARDINESS

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Abstract
A method has been developed to establish indices of hardiness of ornamental trees and shrubs. Hardiness data were obtained from 108 stations across Canada and for 174 species and cultivars. Observers had to note whether each listed species was hardy, required protection to survive, or was not hardy. For estimation of the indices, stations were classified in three equal groups of 36 stations each, in order of decreasing suitability for winter survival. Two different procedures which gave nearly equal values were developed to establish the suitability of stations: one based on the most tender species surviving at stations, and the other on the mean minimum temperature of the coldest month. The indices of hardiness of each species were then obtained by averaging the ratios of the number of "hardy" reports to the total number of reports within each group of stations. Eighty-five percent of these indices were in line with experience. Inconsistencies were mostly due to inaccuracies in some of the reports on certain species.

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