Hydrogen bonding. Part 29. Characterization of 14 sorbent coatings for chemical microsensors using a new solvation equation

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Abstract
Gas-liquid partition coefficients, K, have been obtained for 20–70 solute analytes on 14 candidate phases for chemical microsensors at 298 K and on three of the phases at higher temperatures. The phases can then be characterized through the equation log K=c+rR2+sπ2 H+aΣαH 2+bΣβH 2+llog L16 where log K relates to a series of solutes on the same phase. The explanatory variables are solute parameters, R2 an excess molar refraction, πH 2 the solute dipolarity–polarizability, ΣαH 2 and ΣβH 2 the solute hydrogen bond acidity and basicity and L16 where L16 is the K-value on hexadecane. The coefficients in the above equation then characterize the particular phase, the most important being s the phase dipolarity–polarizability, a the phase basicity, b the phase acidity and I a constant that reflects a combination of cavity effects and general dispersion interactions and is related to the ability of the phase to distinguish between homologues. Derivation of the constants for the various phases provides a quantitative method for the analysis of the selectivity of phases for particular solute analytes and a termby-term investigation of log K values shows exactly the solubility interactions that lead to sorption of a solute by a phase and hence to the analytical determination of the solute through chemical microsensors.

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