The effect of anti‐IL‐10 on proliferation and cytokine production in human schistosomiasis: fresh versus cryopreserved cells

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Abstract
In this study we neutralized endogenous IL‐10 in PBMC from individuals chronically infected with Schistosoma haematobium by using anti‐IL‐10 MoAbs, and examined the effect and adult worm antigen (AWA)‐specific responses in both fresh or cryopreserved cells. Anti‐IL‐10 alone increased background proliferation of PBMC, but did not augment the AWA‐specific responses in either fresh or frozen cells. In freshly isolated PBMC, IFN‐γ production in response to AWA was enhanced significantly in the presence of anti‐IL‐10. In cryopreserved cells, the augmentation of IFN‐γ in the presence of anti‐IL‐10 was four‐fold less than in the freshly‐isolated cells. Neutralization of IL‐10 had no effect on IL‐4 production. These data show that IL‐10 plays a role in specifically down‐regulating Th1‐ but not Th2‐type responses and, in contrast to previous reports, anti‐IL‐10 does not augment proliferation to parasite antigen in chronic schistosomiasis.