Rapid Diagnosis of Intravascular Catheter-Associated Infection by Direct Gram Staining of Catheter Segments

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Abstract
We conducted a study to determine the usefulness of the Gram stain in the detection of intravascular catheter-associated infection. A total of 330 intravascular catheters were prospectively collected from adults and children suspected of having such an infection. Semiquantitative solid-agar cultures of the distal catheter tip were correlated with blood cultures. Catheter-associated bacteremia occurred in 34 per cent of cases in which catheter tips were colonized (≥15 colonies per agar plate). There were no cases of catheter-associated bacteremia in patients with uncolonized catheters.