A Study of 1,000 Bovine Genitalia

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Abstract
The reproductive organs of 1000 slaughter house cows and heifers were examined for abnormalities. It was found that 3.4% of these organs had abnormalities which would cause total sterility. There were 20 different types found. Some of these such as granular vaginitis and persistent hymens were more frequent in heifers; while others such as cervicitis, metritis and vaginitis were more frequent in parous cows. It was found from the measurement of 100 normal reproductive tracts of parous cows that the right uterine horns and right ovaries were larger than the left ones. The vagina and cervix were found to be shorter than they were previously thought to be. The regression coefficient for crown-rump length of fetus and diameter of the gravid horn was found to be .374 which means that the diameter of the gravid horn increased .374 centimeter for each centimeter increase in length of the fetus. The fetal membranes were found to enter the non-pregnant horn when the fetus was 1.2 cm long (about 30 days). The membranes became attached in the pregnant horn at about 40 days and in the non-pregnant horn at about 60 days.

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