Power Output Characteristics of a Ruby Laser

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Abstract
The theoretical power output of a ruby laser is examined under certain idealized operating conditions, and it is found that there are two principal regions of operation. These are the regions of strong oscillation characterized by the condition pτ2/A»hν13/σ13 and the region of saturation in which pτ3/A»hν13/σ13. Here p/A is the ``pumping'' illumination within the absorption band of ruby, τ2 is a charactersitic relaxation time of fluorescence in ruby, τ3 is a characteristic thermal relaxation time from the excited U band, ν13 is the pumping frequency, and σ13 is the cross section for interaction between pumping radiation and Cr3+ ions in ruby. Efficiency of operation is examined under two limiting conditions.