Daily changes in the blood composition of conscious pigs with catheters in foetal and uterine vessels during late gestation

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Abstract
1. Catheters were inserted into the foetal carotid artery and maternal middle uterine artery and vein in twenty foetuses from fifteen sows, 91‐105 days pregnant. Blood samples were collected from foetal and maternal circulations for periods of 7‐21 days after surgery.2. Blood gas tensions, pH, packed cell volume (PCV) and the levels of glucose, fructose and lactic acid in conscious pigs were followed in foetal and maternal bloods during late pregnancy.3. Foetal blood gas tensions, pH, PCV, lactic acid and glucose levels did not change markedly during the last 20‐25 days of gestation. Blood fructose concentration fell during this period with the greatest change occurring after 100 days gestation. Foetal and maternal blood pH values were higher than those reported in the sheep, cow, mare and rhesus monkey.4. Small changes in PCO2 and pH in foetal carotid blood were associated with similar changes in maternal uterine venous blood, so that gradients between sow and foetus remained relatively constant.5. Daily changes in maternal blood glucose levels were associated with smaller changes in foetal blood glucose and fructose levels. Blood glucose concentrations in foetal blood were generally 40‐70% of maternal concentrations. Over‐all relationships between maternal blood glucose and foetal blood fructose concentrations were masked by the independent fall in foetal fructose levels with age.6. The present findings have been compared with previous observations on acute, anaesthetized preparations in pigs, and chronic preparations in other domestic animals.