On the distribution and importance of picocyanobacteria in a boreal inshore area (Kiel Bight, Western Baltic)

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Abstract
From April to October 1986 abundance and vertical distribution of picocyanobacteria were studied at four stations in Kiel Fjord and Kiel Bight. Both picocyanobacteria and autotrophic, eukaryotic picoplankton cell numbers were estimated by epifluorescence microscopy whereas larger phytoplankton (>3 μm) was enumerated by the Utermöhi settling technique. Picocyanobactena cell numbers peaked in July and August near the water surface (1.4–2.6 × 10 8 cells l −1 ). Although picocyanobacteria abundance increased from the outer Kiel Bight to the more eutrophic inner stations of Kiel Fjord, their contribution to total phytoplankton biomass decreased. During summer up to 52% of phytoplankton carbon and up to 97% of autotrophic picoplankton carbon were contributed by picocyanobacteria. Therefore picocyanobacteria are an important component of the summer phytoplankton community in boreal inshore waters, too.

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