Differential effects of hypnosis, biofeedback training, and trophotropic responses on anxiety, ego strength, and locus of control

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Abstract
Pretested 60 college students on three scales: The IPAT Anxiety Scale, the Barron Ego‐strength scale, and the Rotter I‐E scale. The Ss then were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups designated: Hypnotic treatment, biofeedback treatment, trophotropic treatment, and control. Three of these groups met separately for 60 minutes once a week for 8 weeks. The control group did not meet during this time. During the sessions, each group was trained in a different technique for self‐regulation. At the end of the 8‐week period the scales were readministered to all groups. A series of covariance analyses indicated that hypnosis was a more effective self‐regulatory technique for lowering anxiety levels when compared to biofeedback or trophotropic response procedures. With regard to increasing ego strength, both the hypnotic training group and the biofeedback training group proved to be significant. No significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups on the I‐E scores.

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