Detection strategies for scalar gravitational waves with interferometers and resonant spheres
Abstract
We compute the response and the angular pattern function of an interferometer for a scalar component of gravitational radiation in Brans-Dicke theory. We examine the problem of detecting a stochastic background of scalar GWs and compute the scalar overlap reduction function in the correlation between an interferometer and the monopole mode of a resonant sphere. While the correlation between two interferometers is maximized taking them as close as possible, the interferometer-sphere correlation is maximized at a finite value of $f\times d$, where $f$ is the resonance frequency of the sphere and $d$ the distance between the detectors. This defines an optimal resonance frequency of the sphere as a function of the distance. For the correlation between the Virgo interferometer located near Pisa and a sphere located in Frascati, near Rome, we find an optimal resonance frequency $f\simeq 590$ Hz. We also briefly discuss the difficulties in applying this analysis to the dilaton and moduli fields predicted by string theory.
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