Complement Activation by Measles Virus Cytotoxic Antibodies: Alternative Pathway C Activation by Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibodies but Classical Activation by Hemolysin Antibodies

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Abstract
Antibodies against measles virus hemagglutinating (HA) particles and hemolysin were shown to activate C differently. HA antibodies of rabbit or human origin activated C via the alternative pathway in cytotoxicity against chronically measles-infected cells. This cytotoxicity was expressed in C-4 deficient guinea-pig C or in rabbit C in the presence of 3 mM EGTA (ethylene-glycol-tetraacetic-acid) but not in 3 mM EDTA (ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic-acid). In contrast, human hemolysin antibodies activated C only via the classical way. F (ab′)2 fragments from rabbit or human anti-HA IgG antibodies were as efficient in C activation via the alternative pathway as intact IgG antibodies with a corresponding hemagglutination-inhibition titer.

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