Experimental measurement of the azimuthal anchoring energy function at a SiO–nematic interface

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Abstract
The functional form of the azimuthal anchoring energy, i.e. the anisotropic part of the interfacial free energy, at the interface between the nematic liquid crystal 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl and an obliquely evaporated SiO substrate is measured for the first time by using a reflectometric method. The anchoring energy function is obtained by measuring the director rotation on the interface caused by an external magnetic field ranging from 0 to 2·3 T. The dependence of the anchoring energy on the director azimuthal angle is found to be well fitted by the function W a(ϕ) = W asin2 ϕ in agreement with the predictions of the Berreman model for the anchoring at a grooved interface.