Consolidation and Related Properties of Loessial Soils

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Abstract
Loess is an earth material which covers vast areas of the central part of several major continents of the world. In the United States loessial soils extend from New Orleans, La. to Cairo, Ill., along the east bank of the Mississippi River, and cover much of Nebraska, Kansas, and part of South Dakota within the Missouri River Basin which is being developed for power and irrigation by the Bureau of Reclamation. Extensive deposits also occur in Washington and Oregon. Inasmuch as the composition of loessial deposits is often very loose, the soil is susceptible to high degrees of consolidation under certain moisture and load combinations. Thus, when this material is used as a foundation for hydraulic structures, special care must be given in the foundation design. This paper describes laboratory tests to determine the consolidation characteristics of loessial soils, index tests for estimating these characteristics, and the effect of consolidation on other soil properties. Present practices of design and construction of hydraulic structures founded on loess are discussed.

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